如何應(yīng)對(duì)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試寫(xiě)作詞匯匱乏
2022-02-14點(diǎn)擊量:129
在四六級(jí)作文中,詞匯量不足是影響成績(jī)的一個(gè)重要因素。一個(gè)意思往往因?yàn)橐粋(gè)單詞不會(huì)而表達(dá)不清,一個(gè)好的句子也會(huì)因?yàn)橐粋(gè)詞匯想不起來(lái)而不能完成。如何應(yīng)付這種情況使作文順利進(jìn)行下去?下面是三種簡(jiǎn)便易行的應(yīng)急措施可能對(duì)你會(huì)有所幫助。1.試用籠統(tǒng)詞英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中籠統(tǒng)詞又have,take等,籠統(tǒng)詞的重要特點(diǎn)在于意義廣泛,搭配性強(qiáng),構(gòu)成詞組后可以替代眾多具體動(dòng)詞。雖然不能精確表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作,卻能大致表達(dá)意思。在一些具體動(dòng)詞寫(xiě)不出來(lái)的時(shí)候,用這些籠統(tǒng)詞取代,也能收到異曲同工的效果。例如:我經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)極其艱苦的時(shí)代。Iexperiencedaterriblehardtime.這一句中,experience被遺忘時(shí),用have代替,成為:Ihadaterriblehardtime.其效果及表達(dá)的意義決不亞于第一句。這樣的例子還很多。如:Doyouunderstandmymeaning,sir?=Doyoutakemymeaning,sir?Iwillpresideoverthemeeting.=Iwilltakethemeeting.從以上的例句不難看出,具體詞音節(jié)較多,使用頻率不高,容易遺忘,而籠統(tǒng)詞則不然。因此,在作文應(yīng)試中,籠統(tǒng)詞取代具體詞,不失為一種應(yīng)急良策。2.聯(lián)想有關(guān)詞匯當(dāng)遺忘產(chǎn)生時(shí),或遇到未曾學(xué)過(guò)的詞時(shí),應(yīng)采取放射性思維,發(fā)揮想象力,想出一切與之有關(guān)的單詞,利用語(yǔ)言的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,多層次,多角度地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言。一般情況下,聯(lián)想可按下列思路進(jìn)行:聯(lián)想同義詞;聯(lián)想反義詞。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中眾多的同義詞在許多情況下是可以通用的。利用這一規(guī)律,由于某個(gè)單詞受阻而影響全篇寫(xiě)作的情況便不會(huì)出現(xiàn)。試看下列句子:Ihadanightmarelastnight.=Ihadabaddreamlastnight.Nightmare使用頻率不太高,因此不太好記。而其同義詞baddream卻很容易記。以后者取代前者絲毫不影響原句的意義。再比如:Idon‘tunderstandthisword.也可以說(shuō)成Idon’tknowthisword.另外:Thefoodisdelicious.=Thefoodistasty.=Thefoodisnicetoeat.Theydiscontinuedtheworkatfive.=Theystoppedtheworkatfive.英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的,詞與詞之間語(yǔ)義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。同樣,用其反義詞來(lái)取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的,請(qǐng)看下面的例子:Heisstubborn.=Heisnottame.Theknifeisblunt.=Theknifeisnotsharp.3.試用解釋性語(yǔ)句語(yǔ)言的功能在于表達(dá),而表達(dá)的方式是多種多樣的。當(dāng)一個(gè)詞影響到溝通時(shí)候。請(qǐng)看下面的句子:Heisadumb.=Heisapersonwhocannotspeak.Herefused.=Hesaid“no”.I‘veneverseensuchastubbornperson.=I’veneverseensuchapersonwhoneverlistenstoother‘sadvice.解釋性語(yǔ)句能幫助我們巧妙地避開(kāi)一些大詞,難詞,又能使意思表達(dá)流暢,不失為一聰明之舉。比較下面兩篇文章:(1)Examinationisacommonheadachetostudentsallovertheworld.Theyalldetestis,butallbeingdomineeredbyit.Itrepresentsatrial;thegradeitsverdict.Nowadays,examinationhasbecomeapopularformoftesting.Italmostcandominateone‘sfuture.Iamnotexaggerating;foryouallknowitistrue.Ifwewanttoobtainadiploma,wemustfirstpasstheexams.Ifwedonothaveadiploma,wemaynotfindajobeasily.Thatisthereasonwhyallstudentsarenervousandpalewhentheyaresittingforanimportantexaminationwhichmayconcerntheirfuture.Butaslongasexaminationisonitspeakofpower,wemustbephilosophicalofit.Donotalwaysthinkoftheharmthatitbrings,butthinkofthegooditmaydotous.Ifwedonothaveexams,wemayindulgeourselvesinotherthingsinsteadofbooks.Examshavetoalwaysdriveuson.Whatiswrongforlearningmoreandthoroughly?(2)Examinationisacommonheadachetostudentsallovertheworld.Theyalldislikeit(hateit),butallbeingruledbyit.Itisatrial;thegradeitsdecision.Nowadays,examinationhasbecomeapopularformoftesting.Italmostcancontrolone‘sfuture.Iamtellingthetruth,foryouallknowitistrue.Ifwewanttogetagraduationpaper,wemaynotfindajobeasily.Thatisthereasonwhyallstudentsarenervousandpalewhentheyaresittingforanimportantexaminationwhichmayhavesomethingtodowiththeirfuture.Butaslongasexaminationisonitshighestpointofpower,wemusthaveacalmattitudetoit.Donotalwaysthinkoftheharmthatitbrings,butthinkofthegooditmaydotous.Ifwedonothaveexams,wemayspendourtimeonotherthingsinsteadofbooks.Examshavetoalwaysdriveuson.Whatiswrongforlearningmoreanddeeply?比較兩篇文章,第一篇短小精干,用詞準(zhǔn)確,不失為一篇優(yōu)秀作文。而第二篇全篇采用最普通的詞匯,意思同樣清楚,也不失得體,流暢。四六級(jí)作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一般側(cè)重于能清楚地表達(dá)意義,段落,層次有系統(tǒng)性,語(yǔ)法正確,而并不過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)用詞的精確度。因此作文應(yīng)試的要領(lǐng)應(yīng)該是快捷、清楚、流暢。所以,就考試而言,碰到難詞或遺忘詞時(shí),過(guò)分地把時(shí)間花在“鉆牛角尖”上是不明智的,而應(yīng)該采取靈活的思維方法、迂回的戰(zhàn)術(shù),運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單、易記的詞匯及表達(dá)方式,從而能夠運(yùn)用有限的詞匯作出美妙的文章,輕松自如地駕馭語(yǔ)言,把握時(shí)機(jī),以聰明克服缺陷,以機(jī)智靈巧克服學(xué)究式的笨拙,以少勝多,最大限度地發(fā)揮自己的潛能。...